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OBJECTIVE@#Testicular size is an important determinant of sexual maturity in males. The authors determined the average testicular volume of patients in different age groups who underwent scrotal ultrasonography at the Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center (JRRMMC).@*METHODS@#A database search was performed using the SoliPacs system from January 2016 to October 2020. Ultrasound reports including a scrotal examination were included. Testicular measurements, i.e., length, width, and height were recorded. Ultrasound reports with abnormal testes findings were excluded from the study.@*RESULTS@#A total of 769 patients fulfilled the search criteria. A total of 1354 testes were included in the study after excluding 184 testes with ultrasonographic testicular abnormalities. Testicular size began increasing in size after the age of 10, starting at an average size of 1.9 ml, reaching adult size (15.1 ml) at 17 years of age. The average testicular size, around 17 ml remains the same throughout adulthood (17 to 60 years of age) and begins to decline during senescence (>60 years of age). @*CONCLUSION@#Scrotal ultrasonography is a useful and convenient tool in determining testicular volume. The results of this study demonstrate the average adult testicular volume (17 ml) among Filipinos sampled in JRRMMC, as well as the trends in volume growth and decline according to age.
Subject(s)
UltrasonographyABSTRACT
@#This is a report of a patient who was diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) last 2007 and was given a standard chemotherapeutic regimen of anthracycline, all-trans-retinoic acid and methotrexate. The patient completed treatment and recovered. Twelve years after chemotherapy, the patient was diagnosed to have renal tumor. The patient presented with intermittent episodes of non-bothersome flank pain. He was managed as a case of renal newgrowth, left, stage II (cT2bN0M0), which was eventually found to have intermediate grade, round cell sarcoma not further classified of the kidney. Immunohistochemical studies and literature review point to a newly classified subtype of sarcoma or a primitive neuroectodermal tumor, both of which are rarely found presenting in the kidneys.
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@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> National prostatic digital rectal examination (DRE) advocated by the Philippine Urological Association (PUA) started 2 decades ago in the advent of prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening. It is an effective campaign in promoting prostate health awareness among Filipinos. The aim of this research was to describe and correlate the demographics, clinical profile and prostatic physical findings examined by urologists in over 60 centers in the country.<br /><strong>METHODS:</strong> This study was an analytical cross-sectional study involving the participants of the 2013-2015 National DRE campaign. The data were retrieved from the PUA secretariat using a convenience-sampling method on completed forms. The data were correlated using a non-parametric measure of statistical dependence between two variables.<br /><strong>RESULTS:</strong> The total number of participants was continuously rising [n=978 (2013), n=2052 (2017) and n=2792 (2015)] having 60-70% newly diagnosed cases annually. Participants were mostly on their 6th decade of life, mostly employed, married and an educational attainment of secondary level. The most predominant symptom was nocturia followed by frequency, incomplete emptying and weak stream. The usual prostate size was between 21-30 grams mostly with doughy consistency, nodular and tender. The mean age of having clinically benign prostate enlargement was noted to be consistent at the age of 61 while that of a prostate cancer suspect ranged from 63-69 years old.<br /><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Filipinos have similar predominant signs and symptoms of prostate disease as compared to Malays, Chinese and Indians. Clinical findings of prostate diseases correlated well with age, prostate size and consistency.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Digital Rectal Examination , Nocturia , Urologists , Malaysia , Philippines , Rivers , Prostatic Neoplasms , Prostatic Hyperplasia , DemographyABSTRACT
@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> National annual prostatic digital rectal exam (DRE) campaign advocated by the Philippine Urological Association (PUA) started 2 decades ago in over 60 urological centers in the country. It is being used as a tool to educate Filipinos regarding benign and malignant prostate diseases. However, after each campaign, most patients were lost to follow-up leading to delay in diagnosis and low adherence to medications.<br /><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To evaluate the effect of short message service (SMS) in the adherence to follow-up of participants after a campaign.<br /><strong>METHODS:</strong> The investigators enrolled 126 participants aged 40 years old and above with significant LUTS and/or a prostate cancer suspect, in a two arm, parallel, randomized controlled pilot study at the Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center (center with the most number of participants annually in the Philippines). Participants received daily SMS text messages for 3 days (n = 63) or usual care (n = 63). The primary outcome was follow-up at the outpatient clinic within 1 month after campaign. The investigators used Epi Info version 7 to analyze the data.<br /><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Among participants receiving SMS, 21/63 (33.3%) returned, compared to 5/63 (7.94%) in the control group. The relative risk [RR] = 4.2, odds ratio = 5.8 and uncorrected chi-square (X2) = 12.4, at 95% confidence inetrval; p = 0.000429).<br /><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> This pilot study illustrated the feasibility of using SMS reminder among Filipino national prostatic DRE participants to improve adherence to follow-up. However, further research needs to be done to investigate the impact on adherence to medications and delay in diagnosis.</p>